List of Byzantine scholars
A list of Byzantine scientists and other scholars.
Before the 9th century
Most important scholars known before the Macedonian Renaissance were active under the Justinian dynasty.
- Didymos or Didymus (5th-6th century) author of Geoponika[dubious ]
- Ioulianos or Julianus (5th-6th century) invented a water pumping system
- Anthemius of Tralles (c. 474–before 558) mathematician and architect of Hagia Sophia
- Eutocius of Ascalon (c. 480–c. 540) matematician
- John Philoponus (490–570) mathematician, grammarian, theologian
- Isidore of Miletus (6th century) mathematicist, physicist and architect of Hagia Sophia
- Leontios (died 706) emperor, astronomer, mathematician and engineer
- George of Pisidia (6th-7th century) scholar, zoologist and astronomer
- Timotheos of Gaza (6th-7th century) zoologist
- Stephen of Byzantium (6th-7th century) geographer
- Callinicus of Heliopolis (7th century) architect; invented the Greek fire
- Stephen of Alexandria (7th century) mathematician and astronomer
The Macedonian Renaissance
The Macedonian Renaissance occurred in the period of the Macedonian dynasty from 867 to 1056.
- Leo the Mathematician (c. 790–after 869)
- Georgios Monachos (9th century)
- Photius I of Constantinople (c. 810–c. 893) Greek Philosophy.
- Saint Cyril the Philosopher (826 or 827–869)
- Constantine VII (reigned 913-959),
- Michael Psellus (1018–1078)
- Michael Attaliates (11th century)
- Symeon Seth (11th century)
The Komnenian period and after
The Komnenian period ranged from 1081 to about 1185.
- Anna Comnena (1083–1153)
- Theodore Prodromos (c. 1100–c. 1165/70) mathematician
- Eustathius of Thessalonica (c. 1115–1195/6) ??
- Michael of Ephesus (early or mid-12th century) philosopher, physics
- Michael Glykas (12th century) mathematician and astronomer
- John Zonaras (12th century) historian
- John Kinnamos (12th century) historian
- Niketas Choniates (c. 1155-1215 or 1216) historian
- Nikephoros Blemmydes (1197–1272)
The Palaiologian Renaissance
The Palaiologian Renaissance was mostly contemporary with the Renaissance of the 12th century. The Palaiologos dynasty ruled from c. 1260 to 1453. A number of Greek scholars contributed to the establishment of this renaissance also in Western Europe.
- Demetrios Pepagomenos (1200-1300) zoologist, botanologist and pharmacist
- George Akropolites (1220–1282) astronomer
- Gregory Choniades (died 1302) mathematician and astronomer
- George Pachymeres (1242–1310)
- Manuel Moschopoulos (13th–beginning of the 14th century) grammarian,
- Constantinos Lykites (13th-14th century) astronomer, University of Trebizond
- John Pediasimos (13th-14th century) mathematician
- Nikephoros Choumnos (c. 1250/55–1327) scholar, meteorologist and physicist
- Maximus Planudes (1260–c. 1305) grammarian and theologian,
- Theodore Metochites (1270–1332) physician and mathematician
- Barlaam of Seminara (c. 1290-1348) mathematician and astronomer
- Nicephorus Gregoras (1295–1359/60) mathematician and astronomer
- Demetrius Triclinius (before c. 1300) grammarian with knowledge of astronomy,
- Thomas Magister (14th century) grammarian
- Theodore of Melitene (1320–1393) astronomer
- Isaac Argyros (1310–1372) mathematician and astronomer
- John VI Kantakouzenos (reigned 1347–1355) historian
- Manuel Chrysoloras (c. 1355–1415) translator, philosopher
- Joannes Chortasmenos (1370–1437) scholar, mathematician and astronomer
