Ethnic flag

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.

This article may contain original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research may be removed. (September 2009)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009)

An ethnic flag is a flag that symbolizes a certain ethnic group. Ethnic flags are often introduced to the ethnic community through the respective cultural or political ethnic movements. They are popular among ethnic minorities and some ethnic majorities, especially in multiethnic countries.

The concept of an "ethnic flag" is a thoroughly modern one, derived from the idea of a national flag. Strictly speaking, the national flags of nation states are also "ethnic flags", and often so used by ethnic minorities in neighbouring states, especially in the context of irredentism (e.g. the flag of the Republic of Albania used as an "ethnic Albanian flag" by Kosovar Albanians).

The first ethnic flags (for non-existing states) were designed at the end of the 19th century, such as the Basque flag (1894) or the "Flag of Zion" used to symbolize Zionism from 1898, which became the national flag of Israel 50 years later. Most early ethnic flags imply a connection with an unrecognized state claimed by the respective ethnicities, such as the flag of Kurdistan which originates as the flag of the Republic of Ararat (1927), or the Arab flag which originates as the flag of the Arab Revolt during World War I. A flag of the Hispanic People was designed in 1932. The use of national flags became popular during the 19th century along with the spread of nationalism. The concept of using ethnic flags to symbolize ethnic groups within a multiethnic state, not necessarily connected with irredentism, became popular in the later 20th century, such as the Australian Aboriginal flag (1971), the Assyrian flag (1971), the flag of the Romani people (1971), the Berber flag (1970s; 1990), the Sami flag (1986) or the Maori flag (1990). Designing ethnic or tribal flags has become very popular since the 1990s, especially for online use, and mostly do not have any kind of "official" status and must be judged based on de facto use. Since the 1990s, this trend has also extended to designing ad-hoc "cultural flags" for all sorts of organizations, subcultures or ideologies not necessarily ethnic or irredentist, such as "sexuality flags", flags of micronations, etc.

Northern Africa, Arabian Peninsula and Fertile Crescent

Berbers or Imazighen^[1] (North Africa)

Copts (Egypt)
"The Coptic flag, created in 2005, is not officially recognised by the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, but it is commonly accepted by Coptic community as a representative symbol of its identity".

Fur (Darfur)

Dinka or Jieng (Southern Sudan)

Arabs (Arab World)^{[note 1]}

Palestinians (Palestine)

Druze^{[note 2]} (Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Jordan)

Jews (Israel and countries of the diaspora)^{[citation needed]}

Assyrians (Assyria)
"The Assyrian flag was designed by George Atanos in 1968. The flag has a white background with a golden circle at the center (which represents the sun), surrounded by a four-pointed blue star (which symbolizes the land). Four triple wavy stripes start from the center and represent the three major rivers of the Assyrian territory: the Tigris, the Euphrates and the Great Zab".

Aramaic-Syriacs (Middle East)
"The flag chosen by the Aramaeanist faction to represent the Syriac nation is based upon a relief retrieved in Tell Halaf representing a winged sun disk. In the flag, the sun was replaced by a flame symbolizing the Holy Spirit".

[[Image:|border|400x100px|Chaldeans (Middle East)]]

Chaldeans (Middle East)

↑Jump back a section

Horn of Africa

Somalis^[2] (Somalia, Ogaden, Northern Frontier District and Djibouti)

Amhara^[3] (Amhara Region)

Afar^[4] (Afar Region)

Harari^[5] (Harari Region)

Oromo^[6] (Oromia Region, Northern Frontier District and Somalia)

Tigray^[7] (Tigray Region)

↑Jump back a section

Eastern, Central and Western Africa

BaKonjo and BaAmba^[8] (Rwenzururu)

Maasai (Kenya and Tanzania)

Bamileke (Cameroon)

Bubis (Otcho or Bioko Island)

Ashanti^[9] (Ashanti Region)

Ewe (Ghana, Togo and Benin)

Ogoni (Rivers State)

Igbo people^[10] (Igboland)

↑Jump back a section

Southern Africa

Swazi (Swaziland, South Africa, and Mozambique)

Basotho (Lesotho and South Africa)

Afrikaners/Boers^[11] (South Africa)

↑Jump back a section

North America

Anishinaabe people (Canada and United States).

Danes of Greenland^{[citation needed]}

Inuit people of Nunavut (Nunavut, Canada)

Inuit people of Greenland (Greenland)

Haida (British Columbia, Canada)

Mi'kmaq (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Quebec, Canada and Maine, United States)

Natuaqanek (Eel Ground) First Nation of the Mi'kmaq (New Brunswick, Canada)

Quebecois, Canada

Iroquois (New York, United States)

Crow Tribe (Montana, United States)

Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (Montana, United States)

Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (Montana, United States)

Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation (Wyoming, United States)

Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge Reservation (South Dakota, United States)

Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa (Iowa, United States)

Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma (Oklahoma, United States)

Cherokees (Oklahoma, United States)

Navajo (Arizona, New Mexico & Utah, United States)

Cajun flag^[12] (United States)

Vietnamese Americans (United States)

Mulattos^[13] (United States, Hispanic America and Brazil)

Flag of Hispanic America including also North American Hispanic Americans (Hispanic America and United States)

Cross of Burgundy flag used by Criollos (Euro-Hispanic Americans (including White Hispanic and Latino Americans of the United States)) (Majority in Argentina, Uruguay, and Costa Rica and significant minority in Chile, Bolivia and other Hispanic nations) (Hispanic America and United States)^{[citation needed]}

Flag of African-Americans^[12]
(United States)

Métis flag Blue or French variant, Metis people

Métis flag Red or English variant, Metis people

Flag of Acadia, Acadians

↑Jump back a section

Central America and Caribbean

Flag of Maya (Mexico, Guatemala)

Flag of the Jatibonicu Taíno Tribal Nation of Borikén (Puerto Rico)

Garifuna (Honduras, Belize, Guatemala)

Kuna (Panama, Colombia)

↑Jump back a section

South America

Indigenous peoples in Colombia^[14]

Quechua^[15] (Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador)

Aymara (Bolivia, Peru, Chile and Argentina)

Mapuche^[16] (Chile and Argentina)

↑Jump back a section

Northern, Central and Eastern Asia

Tuvans^[17] (Tuva)

Buryats (Buryatia, Russia)

Yakuts or Sakha (Sakha Republic)^{[citation needed]}

Li and Miao^[18] (Hainan)

Ainu people^[19] (Hokkaidō, Kuril Islands and Sakhalin)

Salars (Xunhua Salar Autonomous County, Qinghai, China)

↑Jump back a section

Southern Asia

Iraqi Turkmens^[20] (Turkmeneli)

Zazas^[21] (Turkey)

Kurds (Kurdistan)

Azerbaijanis of Southern Azarbaijan^[22]

Khuzestani Arabs^[23] (Khuzestan)

Pashtuns (Pashtunistan)^{[citation needed]}

Balochis^[24] (Balochistan)

Sindhis^{[note 3]} (Sindh and West India)^{[citation needed]}

Burusho-Hunzakuts^[25] (Hunza)

Kashmiris (Kashmir and Jammu)
"This is the flag of Jammu and Kashmir and the ethnic flag of the Kashmiris^{[citation needed]}. The flag depicts a swan in the Garden of Shalimar. The three vertical bars represent the three major religions of Kashmir (Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism)^{[citation needed]} and signify peace and equality between them".

Ladakhis^[26] (Ladakh)

Muhajir people (Pakistan)

Chagossians or Îlois^[27] (Chagos Islands and Mauritius)

Tamils of Tamil Nadu and Tamils of Eelam^{[note 4]}

Bodos (Bodoland)

Bnei Menashe (Manipur, Mizoram, Chin State, Southern Sagaing Division and Chittagong Division)^{[note 5]}

↑Jump back a section

Southeastern Asia

Akha^[28] (China,^{[note 6]}Burma, Laos and Northern Thailand)

Khmer Krom^[29] (Mekong Delta)

Acehnese people^[30] (Aceh)

Minangkabau people (West Sumatra, the western part of Riau and Jambi, the western coast of Aceh and North Sumatra, the northern part of Bengkulu, and Negeri Sembilan)

↑Jump back a section

Melanesia

Kanak^[31] (Kanaky)

↑Jump back a section

Australasia and Polynesia

Australian Aborigines (Australia)
"The Australian Aboriginal flag, created by Harold Thomas in 1971, was first flown as a symbol of protest, becoming then the emblem of the Indigenous peoples of Australia. In 1995 (and then in 2008), this flag was officially recognized and proclaimed as one of the national flags of Australia under the Flags Act 1953.^[32] Each color has a peculiar symbolism: black represents the people, red represents the land and the yellow disc represents the Sun^[33]".

Moriori of Chatham Islands^[34]".

Native Hawaiians or Kanaka Maoli^[35] (Hawaii)

Tahitians and some other Indigenous Peoples of French Polynesia

Indigenous Peoples of Austral Islands

Indigenous Peoples of Marquesas Islands

Rapanui (Easter Island)

↑Jump back a section

Northern Europe

Faroese (Faroe Islands)

Orcadians (Orkney Islands)

Shetlanders (Shetland)

Scots (Scotland)

Irish (Island of Ireland)

Welsh or Cymry (Wales or Cymru)

Cornish ^[36] (Cornwall)

Manx (Isle of Man)

Bretons ^[36] (Brittany)

Normans^[37] (Normandy)

Walloons (Wallonia)

Flemish (Flanders)

West Frisians (Friesland and Province of Groningen)

East Frisians (East Frisia)

North Frisians (North Frisia)

"The Inter-Frisian Flag (Ynterfryske Flagge), not accepted by the Inter-Frisian Council, was launched by the Groep fan Auwerk to represent the four regions make up Frisia: Friesland and the Province of Groningen in the Netherlands and East Frisia and North Frisia in Germany".

English (England)

Germans of Northern Schleswig^{[citation needed]}

Danes of Southern Schleswig^{[citation needed]}

Finland-Swedes^[38] (Åland Islands, Ostrobothnia, Uusimaa and Eastern Uusimaa)

Sweden-Finns (Eastern Svealand)

Sami people^[36] (Sápmi)
"The Sami flag, inaugurated during the 13th Nordic Sami Conference in Åre, Sweden, on 15 August 1986, was created by Astrid Båhl. It is based upon a previous project by Synnøve Persenthe and upon the poem "Paiven parneh" ("Sons of the Sun"), written by Anders Fjellner, describing the Sami as sons and daughters of the sun".

Tornedalians^[39] (Meänmaa)

Karelians^[40]^[41] (Karelia, Tver Oblast and Novgorod Oblast)

Veps^[42] (Karelia, Ingria and Vologda Oblast)

Ingrian Finns^[43]^[44] and Izhorians^{[citation needed]} (Ingria)

Votes^[45] (Ingria and Estonia)

Setos^[46] (Setomaa)

Võros (Võrumaa) older version

Võros (Võrumaa) since February 2013

Livonians^[47] (Livonia and Curlandia)

↑Jump back a section

Central Europe

Czechs (/Bohemians) (Bohemia)

Germans of Belgium^[48] (Eastern part of the province of Liège)

Luxembourgers (Luxembourg, Belgium, France and Germany)
"The Red Lion is the Civil Ensign of the Gran Duchy of Luxemburg. In 2006, the banner was proposed as the new national flag.^[49] On 6 July 2007, the Government of Luxembourg refused the proposal, but, at the same time, established the equal status of this flag and the Official Tricolor. Instead, in the Belgian province of Luxemburg, the Red Lion has not an official status, but it (with a different shade of blue) is of common use: it is used even by the Provincial Council^[50] on public buildings or in official occurrences".

Alsatians (Alsace)^{[citation needed]}

Tyroleans of South Tyrol

Kashubians^[36] (Pomerelia)

Sorbs^[31] (Lusatia)

Silesians (Silesia)^{[citation needed]}

Moravians (Moravia)^{[citation needed]}

↑Jump back a section

Southwestern Europe

Canarians^[51] (Canary Islands)

Galicians (Galicia)

Asturians (Asturias)

Basques (Basque Country, Navarre and Iparralde)

Castilians (Castile, La Mancha and La Rioja)^{[citation needed]}

Aragonese^[52] (Aragon)

Valencians (Valencian Community and El Carche)

Balearics (Balearic Islands)

Catalans (Catalonia, La Franja and Northern Catalonia)

Occitans^[53] (Occitania)

Sardinians^[54] (Sardinia)

Corsicans (Corsica)

Arpitans^[54] (Arpitania)

Savoyards (Savoy)

Ladinia^[54] (Some valleys in Northeastern Italy)

Friulians ^[54] (Friuli)

Venetians (Veneto)

Sicilians^[55]^[56] (Sicily)

Maltese (Malta)

↑Jump back a section

Southeastern Europe

^[57]

Serbs of Croatia

Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Macedonians ^[58] (Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, Albania, Greece and Bulgaria)

Bosniaks of Sandžak^[59]

Albanians (Albania, Kosovo, Western part of the Republic of Macedonia, Epirus^[60] and Arbëria)

Greeks (Greece, Cyprus, Albania)

↑Jump back a section

Eastern Europe, Caucasia and Anatolia

{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=Yiddish flag.png|Caption=Yiddish people originally from Central and Eastern Europe, Yiddishland, located now in Europe, Israel and America

Rusyns^[61] (Carpathian Ruthenia)

Gagauzes (Gagauzia)^{[citation needed]}

Crimean Tatars^[62] (Crimea, Turkey, Uzbekistan and Dobruja)

Lipka Tatars (Belarus, Lithuania and Poland)^{[citation needed]}

Erzyans^[63] (Mordovia, Samara Oblast and Tataristan)

Chuvashes (Chuvashia)

Volga Tatars (Tatarstan and the historical region of Idel-Ural; Ryazan Oblast, Tambov Oblast, Astrakhan Oblast Kazakhstan and Central Asia)

Bashkirs (Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk Oblast and Orenburg Oblast)

Adyghe, Cherkes and Kabardins^[64] (Adyghea, Karachay–Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Krasnodar Krai, Turkey and Middle East)

Abazins (Abazinia)

Abkhazians^[65] (Abkhazia and Turkey)

Balkars (Kabardino-Balkaria)

[[Image:|border|400x100px|Karachays (Karachay–Cherkessia)^{[citation needed]}]]

Karachays (Karachay–Cherkessia)^{[citation needed]}

Ossetians (South Ossetia and North Ossetia–Alania)

Ingush (Ingushetia, Eastern part of Prigorodny District, Chechnya and Turkey)

Chechens (Chechnya, Ingushetia and Dagestan)

Kalmyks (Kalmykia)

Kumyks^[66] (Dagestan)

Lezgins^[67] (Dagestan and Azerbaijan)

Meskhetians^[68] (Samtskhe-Javakheti, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Krasnodar Krai, Turkey and Kyrgyzstan)

Adjarians^[69] (Adjaria, Guria, Kvemo Kartli, Kakheti and Northeastern Turkey)

Greeks of Pontus^{[citation needed]}

Romani people^[36] (Europe and Brazil)
“The Romani flag (O Styago le Romengo), approved during the first World Romani Congress, was created by the General Union of the Roma of Romania (Uniunea Generala a Romilor din Romania), in 1933. The flag contains a red Chakra, in the centre, representing the migratory heritage of the Romani people”.

↑Jump back a section

Notes

^ This is the flag of the Arab Revolt.
^ To be precise, the Druze are a religious and cultural group rather than a distinct ethnic group.
^ See also the concept of Sindhudesh.
^ This is the flag adopted by the World Tamil Confederation to represent Tamil people.
^ This is just one of several flags used by groups that make up this macro-group.
^ Akha are considered part of the Hani by the government of People's Republic of China, though this is a subject of some dispute among the Akha themselves.

↑Jump back a section

Citations

^ "Berbers". Flags of the World. April 24, 2009. Retrieved April 24, 2010.
^ "History of the flag". Flags of the World. June 26, 2006. Retrieved April 25, 2010. The Flag of Somalia, created by Mohammed Awale Liban, was designed to represent pan-Somali territories.
^ "Amhara (Ethiopia)". Flags of the World. September 13, 2003. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
^ "Afar (Ethiopia)". Flags of the World. September 13, 2003. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
^ "Harari (Ethiopia)". Flags of the World. June 24, 2006. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
^ "Oromo traditional colours". Flags of the World. May 29, 2003. Retrieved June 30, 2010.
^ "Tigray (Ethiopia)". Flags of the World. April 29, 2004. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
^ "Bakonjo People". Flags of the World. July 12, 2008. Retrieved April 24, 2010.
^ "Ashanti People". Flags of the World. November 4, 2006. Retrieved April 24, 2010.
^ Minahan, James (2002). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 762. ISBN 0-313-32384-4. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
^ "Afrikaner". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 30, 2010.
^ ^a ^b Znamierowski, p236
^ Miller, Richard. "From History to Destiny". The Mulatto People. Archived from the original on February 15, 2001. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
^ "Native Peoples of Colombia". Flags of the World. July 3, 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010. According to FOTW, this flag represent primarily the Guambiano or Misak tribe, but it also represents Native peoples of Southwestern Colombia.
^ "Inca (Quechua/Aymara) people". Flags of the World. June 16, 2007. Retrieved April 23, 2010. The term Wiphala is refrered to flags of Inca origin, today used by the Native Andean peoples to represent themselves.
^ "Mapuche". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Tuva". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 15, 2010.
^ "Hainan". Flags of the World. February 10, 2007. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
^ Poisson, Barbara Aoki (2002). The Ainu of Japan. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications. ISBN 978-0-8225-4176-9.
^ "Iraqi Turkmen". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
^ "Zazaistan". Flags of the World. April 24, 2009. Retrieved June 19, 2010. FOTW shows this banner as the alleged flag of Zazas. Moreover, according to an article published in Le Monde, signed by Lucien Philippe, the site states that the flag has been used in several ethnic riots until 1980. Finally FOTW shows other three flags that are not supported by any source definable as reliable.
^ Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
^ "Ahwazi". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
^ "Flag of the Baloch people". Flags of the World. April 25, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2010. There are different variants of the flag used by Baloch independentists to represent their people.
^ "Hunza". Flags of the World. June 7, 2008. Retrieved June 19, 2010.
^ "Ladakh". Flags of the World. February 14, 2007. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
^ "Chagossians at UNO". chagos.org. January 30, 2003. Retrieved June 20, 2010.
^ "Akha People". Flags of the World. August 9, 2008. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
^ "Khmer Krom". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
^ "Free Aceh Movement". Flags of the World. December 13, 2008. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
^ ^a ^b Znamierowski, p238
^ "Proclamation under the Flags Act 1953". ComLaw — Commonwealth of Australia Law. January 25, 2008. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
^ "Harold Thomas – Creator of the Aboriginal Flag". ABC Online. May 23, 2002. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
^ "Denise Davis: Moriori. Te Ara — the Encyclopedia of New Zealand". Solomon, Māui. Retrieved June 9, 2006.
^ "'Original' flag raises debate". Honolulu Advertiser. February 12, 2001. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Znamierowski, p237
^ "Mouvement Normand". Flags of the World. June 14, 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
^ "Svenska Brevmärken 1922 (Swedish)[[Category:Articles with Swedish language external links]]". Svenska Centralarkivet. Retrieved April 5, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help) The flag of Finland-Swedes appears on some stamps issued by the Swedish People's Party in 1922.
^ "Meänkieliset ottavat käyttöön Meän maan lipun (Finnish)[[Category:Articles with Finnish language external links]]". Kaleva Online. July 13, 2007. Retrieved June 9, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help)
^ "East Karelia". Flags of the World. September 12, 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ "Lyydi people". Flags of the World. September 12, 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ "Vepsia". Flags of the World. April 14, 2007. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ "Inkeri". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
^ "Ingria". Flags of the World. April 14, 2007. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
^ Minahan, James (2002). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 2018. ISBN 0-313-32384-4. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
^ "In pictures: The Seto people — Anthem and flag". BBC News Online. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
^ "Livonian People". Flags of the World. February 18, 2006. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
^ "German-speaking Community (Belgium)". Flags of the World. January 17, 2009. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
^ ""D'Fändelsfro": le gouvernement prend position sur la question du drapeau national (juillet 2007) (French)[[Category:Articles with French language external links]]". gouvernement.lu. Retrieved June 10, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help)
^ "Adoption d'un drapeau officiel (French)[[Category:Articles with French language external links]]". Province de Luxembourg. Retrieved June 9, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help)
^ "Estatuto de Autonomía de Canarias (Spanish)[[Category:Articles with Spanish language external links]]". Gobierno de Canarias. Retrieved June 13, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help) The flag, which was made official by the Organic Law 10/82 on 16 August 1982, is based upon the original design attributed to Carmen Sarmiento, Jesús Cantero and Arturo Cantero and adopted by the Canarias Libre movement in 1961.
^ "Estatuto de Autonomía de Aragón (Spanish)[[Category:Articles with Spanish language external links]]". Boletín Oficial de Aragón. April 23, 2007. Retrieved April 10, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help) The Statute defines Aragonese People as an "historical nationality".
^ "Occitania". Flags of the World. December 26, 2009. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Legge 15 Dicembre 1999, n. 482 - Norme in materia di tutela delle minoranze linguistiche storiche (Italian)[[Category:Articles with Italian language external links]]". Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana. December 20, 1999. Retrieved April 5, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help)
^ "Legge Regionale 4 Gennaio 2000, n. 1 - Adozione della bandiera della Regione (Italian)[[Category:Articles with Italian language external links]]". Presidenza Regione Siciliana. January 7, 2000. Retrieved June 11, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help)
^ "Sicily Region". Flags of the World. July 19, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ http://www.skdprosvjeta.com/news.php?id=66
^ Danforth, Loring (1995), The Macedonian Conflict, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, p. 164, ISBN 978-0-691-04356-2 |accessdate= requires |url= (help)
^ "Symbols of the Bosniaks of Sandžak". Flags of the World. March 18–19, 2005. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ Vickers, Miranda (2007), The Cham Issue — Where to Now?, ARAG Balkan Series, Swindon, United Kingdom: Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, p. 21, ISBN 978-1-905962-01-3 |accessdate= requires |url= (help)
^ "Rusyn Symbols". Academy of Rusyn Culture in the Slovak Republic. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
^ "Crimean Tatars". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
^ "Erzian ethnic flag". Flags of the World. February 2, 2002. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
^ "Circassia". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
^ "Abkhazia". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
^ "Flags of daghestanian ethnic groups". Flags of the World. January 8, 2003. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
^ "История Лезгинского народа (Russian)[[Category:Articles with Russian language external links]]". Lezgini Kultuuriühing Eestis. Retrieved June 13, 2010. Wikilink embedded in URL title (help)
^ "Meshtekistan". Flags of the World. January 30, 2010. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
^ "Ajaria". Flags of the World. April 24, 2010. Retrieved June 12, 2010.

↑Jump back a section

Bibliography and references

Znamierowski, Alfred (2001). The World Encyclopedia of Flags. London, UK: Hermes House.
Flags of the World - FOTW

↑Jump back a section

External links

Northern Africa

Tuareg ethnic flag Tuareg people (Azawad)

Western Africa

Hausa ethnic flag Hausa people^[1] (Northern Nigeria and Southeastern Niger)
Yoruba ethnic flag Yoruba people (Southwestern Nigeria, Benin, Togo and Ghana)

Middle Africa

BaKongo ethnic flag Kongo people (Southern Republic of the Congo, Western Democratic Republic of the Congo, Northern Angola and Southern Gabon)

Southern Asia

Talysh ethnic flag Talysh people (Southeastern Republic of Azerbaijan, Western Ardabīl Province and Northern Gilan Province)
Kannada ethnic flag Kannada people (Karnataka)
Malayali ethnic flag Malayali people^[2] (Kerala)
Telugu ethnic flag Telugus of Telangana
Hindi ethnic flag Hindis^[3] (Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Haryana)
Bihari ethnic flag Bihari people (Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh)^{[citation needed]}
Assamese ethnic flag Assamese people (Assam)^{[citation needed]}

Notes and citations for external links

^ A flag of Hausa people was proposed in 1966. It is a banner with five horizontal stripes: red, yellow, indigo blue, green, and khaki beige.
^ "Asia: flags of the ethnic minorities and stateless nations". Encyclopædia Heraldica. Retrieved May 4, 2010.
^ Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas, Hitler's Priestess: Savitri Devi, the Hindu-Aryan Myth, and Neo-Nazism (New York University Press, 1998, hardcover: ISBN 0-8147-3110-4, paperback: ISBN 0-8147-3111-2 Plate 3, between Pages 80 and 81, shows a picture of the Hindi ethnic flag (“Pan Hindu National Flag”)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Flags of ethnic groups

Ethnicity

Related concepts

Ethnology

Groups by region

Africa Europe Oceania	Arab League Europe Australian indigenous Indigenous Oceanian Europeans in Oceania

Americas	Indigenous Canada Mexico United States Central America South America

Asia	Central East Northern South Southeast West

Identity and
ethnogenesis

Multiethnic society

Ideology and
ethnic conflict

↑Jump back a section

Read in another language

This page is available in 6 languages

Last modified on 8 June 2013, at 17:26

Ethnic flag

Northern Africa, Arabian Peninsula and Fertile Crescent

Horn of Africa

Eastern, Central and Western Africa

Southern Africa

North America

Central America and Caribbean

South America

Northern, Central and Eastern Asia

Southern Asia

Southeastern Asia

Melanesia

Australasia and Polynesia

Northern Europe

Central Europe

Southwestern Europe

Southeastern Europe

Eastern Europe, Caucasia and Anatolia

See also

Notes

Citations

Bibliography and references

External links

Read in another language